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A colonoscopy is a medical procedure that allows doctors to examine the inner lining of the large intestine. This examination uses a colonoscope, a thin, flexible tube equipped with a tiny camera, to detect abnormalities. By identifying issues early, patients often have more treatment options and better long-term outcomes. Colonoscopies require some preparation beforehand to clear the lower digestive tract, but it is a fast and effective procedure. Here’s more information on colonoscopies and why you should get them regularly as an adult:
Colorectal Cancers Are Common
Colorectal cancer remains one of the most frequently diagnosed cancers in people of all genders. It occurs when cells in the colon or rectum grow out of control, eventually forming a tumor. Regular screenings are key components of preventative healthcare for middle age adults, as that is when cancer is likely to develop. Preventive screenings enable early detection of cancer or other abnormalities, allowing for timely interventions.
What Your Risks Are
Several factors can increase an individual’s risk of developing colorectal cancer, but age is a primary factor. Since cancer risk rises as you get older, screening guidelines recommend starting regular exams at age 45. Other risk factors include a family history of the disease, certain genetic syndromes, and a personal history of inflammatory bowel diseases like ulcerative colitis or Crohn’s disease. Lifestyle choices also impact your risk, including factors like:
- Having a Low-fiber Diet That Is High in Fat
- Smoking
- Drinking Alcohol Heavily and Regularly
Understanding these risks helps you and your doctor determine the most appropriate screening schedule for your specific needs.
How Colonoscopies Screen for Cancer
A colonoscopy is utilized for colorectal cancer screening because it allows for direct visual inspection of the entire colon. During the exam, the gastroenterologist looks for signs of cancer or precancerous growths. Other screening methods can detect blood in the stool, but a colonoscopy provides a complete picture of the colon’s health. If the doctor spots suspicious tissue, they can biopsy it immediately to determine if cancer cells are present. This direct approach eliminates the need for follow-up testing to confirm the presence of a mass, streamlining the diagnostic process.
Colonoscopy Procedures Are Versatile
Beyond screening for cancer, a colonoscopy serves multiple diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, making it an invaluable tool in gastroenterology. Physicians use this procedure to investigate the cause of various gastrointestinal symptoms to provide clarity. Colonoscopies enable immediate interventions, which is a significant advantage over purely diagnostic imaging tests.
One of the key functions of a colonoscopy is the identification and removal of polyps. Polyps are clumps of cells that form on the lining of the colon, and while most are harmless, some can develop into cancer over time. During the procedure, your doctor can remove these polyps using specialized tools passed through the colonoscope. Removing precancerous polyps effectively prevents colorectal cancer from developing in the first place.
Colonoscopies for Detecting Abnormalities
A colonoscopy is frequently used to investigate unexplained symptoms such as persistent abdominal pain, rectal bleeding, chronic constipation, or chronic diarrhea. These symptoms can be indicative of various conditions, including:
- Diverticulosis
- Inflammation
- Ulcers
By visualizing the intestinal lining directly, doctors can diagnose these issues more accurately to prescribe the correct treatment plan. The camera captures high-definition images, allowing the physician to see subtle changes in tissue color or texture that may indicate an underlying problem.
Schedule a Colonoscopy Today
Colonoscopies are an effective way to perform diagnostic and treatment interventions for many colorectal concerns. If you are middle-aged or you have a family history of colorectal issues, discuss your screening options with a specialist. Contact a colorectal specialist for a consultation, as they can determine which treatments are most effective for your needs. Be proactive about your health by learning more about the benefits of colonoscopy procedures.
